다각형을 다루는 함수

Polygon에 대한 문서

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WKT

다양한 Geo 데이터 타입에서 WKT(Well Known Text) 기하학 객체를 반환합니다. 지원되는 WKT 객체는 다음과 같습니다.

• POINT
• POLYGON
• MULTIPOLYGON
• LINESTRING
• MULTILINESTRING

구문

WKT(geo_data)

매개변수

geo_data는 다음 Geo 데이터 타입 또는 그 기반이 되는 기본 타입 중 하나일 수 있습니다:

• Point
• Ring
• Polygon
• MultiPolygon
• LineString
• MultiLineString

반환 값

• Point의 경우 WKT 기하 객체 POINT가 반환됩니다.
• Polygon의 경우 WKT 기하 객체 POLYGON이 반환됩니다.
• MultiPolygon의 경우 WKT 기하 객체 MULTIPOLYGON이 반환됩니다.
• LineString의 경우 WKT 기하 객체 LINESTRING이 반환됩니다.
• MultiLineString의 경우 WKT 기하 객체 MULTILINESTRING이 반환됩니다.

예시

Tuple에서 생성한 POINT:

SELECT wkt((0., 0.));

POINT(0 0)

튜플 배열 또는 튜플 배열의 배열로부터 생성한 POLYGON:

SELECT wkt([(0., 0.), (10., 0.), (10., 10.), (0., 10.)]);

POLYGON((0 0,10 0,10 10,0 10))

다차원 Tuple 배열의 배열로부터 생성된 MULTIPOLYGON:

SELECT wkt([[[(0., 0.), (10., 0.), (10., 10.), (0., 10.)], [(4., 4.), (5., 4.), (5., 5.), (4., 5.)]], [[(-10., -10.), (-10., -9.), (-9., 10.)]]]);

MULTIPOLYGON(((0 0,10 0,10 10,0 10,0 0),(4 4,5 4,5 5,4 5,4 4)),((-10 -10,-10 -9,-9 10,-10 -10)))

​

readWKTMultiPolygon

WKT(Well Known Text) 형식의 MultiPolygon을 MultiPolygon 타입으로 변환합니다.

​

예시

SELECT
    toTypeName(readWKTMultiPolygon('MULTIPOLYGON(((2 0,10 0,10 10,0 10,2 0),(4 4,5 4,5 5,4 5,4 4)),((-10 -10,-10 -9,-9 10,-10 -10)))')) AS type,
    readWKTMultiPolygon('MULTIPOLYGON(((2 0,10 0,10 10,0 10,2 0),(4 4,5 4,5 5,4 5,4 4)),((-10 -10,-10 -9,-9 10,-10 -10)))') AS output FORMAT Markdown

유형	출력
MultiPolygon	[[[(2,0),(10,0),(10,10),(0,10),(2,0)],[(4,4),(5,4),(5,5),(4,5),(4,4)]],[[(-10,-10),(-10,-9),(-9,10),(-10,-10)]]]

​

입력 매개변수

MULTIPOLYGON으로 시작하는 String

​

반환 값

MultiPolygon

​

readWKTPolygon

WKT(Well Known Text) MultiPolygon을 Polygon 타입으로 변환합니다.

​

예시

SELECT
    toTypeName(readWKTPolygon('POLYGON((2 0,10 0,10 10,0 10,2 0))')) AS type,
    readWKTPolygon('POLYGON((2 0,10 0,10 10,0 10,2 0))') AS output
FORMAT Markdown

유형	출력
Polygon	[[(2,0),(10,0),(10,10),(0,10),(2,0)]]

​

입력 매개변수

POLYGON으로 시작하는 String 값

​

반환 값

Polygon

​

readWKTPoint

ClickHouse의 readWKTPoint 함수는 Point 지오메트리의 WKT(Well-Known Text) 표현을 파싱하여 ClickHouse 내부 포맷의 point를 반환합니다.

​

구문

readWKTPoint(wkt_string)

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인수

• wkt_string: Point 지오메트리를 나타내는 WKT 입력 문자열입니다.

​

반환 값

이 함수는 Point 지오메트리의 ClickHouse 내부 표현을 반환합니다.

​

예시

SELECT readWKTPoint('POINT (1.2 3.4)');

(1.2,3.4)

​

readWKTLineString

Well-Known Text(WKT) 형식의 LineString 지오메트리를 파싱하여 ClickHouse 내부 포맷으로 반환합니다.

​

구문

readWKTLineString(wkt_string)

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인수

• wkt_string: LineString 지오메트리를 나타내는 입력 WKT 문자열입니다.

​

반환 값

이 함수는 linestring 지오메트리에 대한 ClickHouse의 내부 표현을 반환합니다.

​

예시

SELECT readWKTLineString('LINESTRING (1 1, 2 2, 3 3, 1 1)');

[(1,1),(2,2),(3,3),(1,1)]

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readWKTMultiLineString

MultiLineString Geometry의 Well-Known Text(WKT) 표현을 파싱하여 ClickHouse 내부 포맷으로 반환합니다.

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구문

readWKTMultiLineString(wkt_string)

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인수

• wkt_string: MultiLineString 지오메트리를 나타내는 입력 WKT 문자열입니다.

​

반환 값

이 함수는 multilinestring 지오메트리의 ClickHouse 내부 표현을 반환합니다.

​

예시

SELECT readWKTMultiLineString('MULTILINESTRING ((1 1, 2 2, 3 3), (4 4, 5 5, 6 6))');

[[(1,1),(2,2),(3,3)],[(4,4),(5,5),(6,6)]]

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readWKTRing

Polygon 지오메트리의 Well-Known Text(WKT) 표현을 파싱하여 ClickHouse 내부 포맷의 ring(닫힌 linestring)을 반환합니다.

​

구문

readWKTRing(wkt_string)

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인수

• wkt_string: Polygon 지오메트리를 나타내는 WKT 입력 문자열입니다.

​

반환 값

이 함수는 링(닫힌 LineString) 지오메트리의 ClickHouse 내부 표현을 반환합니다.

​

예시

SELECT readWKTRing('POLYGON ((1 1, 2 2, 3 3, 1 1))');

[(1,1),(2,2),(3,3),(1,1)]

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polygonsWithinSpherical

한 다각형이 다른 다각형 내부에 완전히 포함되는지에 따라 true 또는 false를 반환합니다. 참고 https://www.boost.org/doc/libs/1_62_0/libs/geometry/doc/html/geometry/reference/algorithms/within/within_2.html

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예시

SELECT polygonsWithinSpherical([[[(4.3613577, 50.8651821), (4.349556, 50.8535879), (4.3602419, 50.8435626), (4.3830299, 50.8428851), (4.3904543, 50.8564867), (4.3613148, 50.8651279)]]], [[[(4.346693, 50.858306), (4.367945, 50.852455), (4.366227, 50.840809), (4.344961, 50.833264), (4.338074, 50.848677), (4.346693, 50.858306)]]]);

0

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readWKBMultiPolygon

WKB(Well Known Binary) 형식의 MultiPolygon을 MultiPolygon 유형으로 변환합니다.

​

예시

SELECT
    toTypeName(readWKBMultiPolygon(unhex('0106000000020000000103000000020000000500000000000000000000400000000000000000000000000000244000000000000000000000000000002440000000000000244000000000000000000000000000002440000000000000004000000000000000000500000000000000000010400000000000001040000000000000144000000000000010400000000000001440000000000000144000000000000010400000000000001440000000000000104000000000000010400103000000010000000400000000000000000024c000000000000024c000000000000024c000000000000022c000000000000022c0000000000000244000000000000024c000000000000024c0'))) AS type,
    readWKBMultiPolygon(unhex('0106000000020000000103000000020000000500000000000000000000400000000000000000000000000000244000000000000000000000000000002440000000000000244000000000000000000000000000002440000000000000004000000000000000000500000000000000000010400000000000001040000000000000144000000000000010400000000000001440000000000000144000000000000010400000000000001440000000000000104000000000000010400103000000010000000400000000000000000024c000000000000024c000000000000024c000000000000022c000000000000022c0000000000000244000000000000024c000000000000024c0')) AS output FORMAT Markdown

유형	출력
MultiPolygon	[[[(2,0),(10,0),(10,10),(0,10),(2,0)],[(4,4),(5,4),(5,5),(4,5),(4,4)]],[[(-10,-10),(-10,-9),(-9,10),(-10,-10)]]]

​

입력 매개변수

MULTIPOLYGON으로 시작하는 String 값

​

반환 값

MultiPolygon

​

readWKBPolygon

WKB(Well Known Binary) 형식의 MultiPolygon을 Polygon으로 변환합니다.

​

예시

SELECT
    toTypeName(readWKBPolygon(unhex('010300000001000000050000000000000000000040000000000000000000000000000024400000000000000000000000000000244000000000000024400000000000000000000000000000244000000000000000400000000000000000'))) AS type,
    readWKBPolygon(unhex('010300000001000000050000000000000000000040000000000000000000000000000024400000000000000000000000000000244000000000000024400000000000000000000000000000244000000000000000400000000000000000')) AS output
FORMAT Markdown

유형	출력
Polygon	[[(2,0),(10,0),(10,10),(0,10),(2,0)]]

​

입력 매개변수

POLYGON으로 시작하는 문자열

​

반환 값

Polygon

​

readWKBPoint

ClickHouse의 readWKBPoint 함수는 Point 지오메트리의 Well-Known Binary(WKB) 표현을 파싱하여 ClickHouse 내부 포맷의 Point를 반환합니다.

​

구문

readWKBPoint(wkb_string)

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인수

• wkb_string: Point 지오메트리를 나타내는 입력 WKB 문자열입니다.

​

반환 값

이 함수는 Point 지오메트리의 ClickHouse 내부 표현을 반환합니다.

​

예시

SELECT readWKBPoint(unhex('0101000000333333333333f33f3333333333330b40'));

(1.2,3.4)

​

readWKBLineString

LineString 지오메트리의 WKB(Well-Known Binary) 표현을 파싱하여 ClickHouse 내부 포맷으로 반환합니다.

​

구문

readWKBLineString(wkb_string)

​

인수

• wkb_string: LineString 지오메트리를 나타내는 WKB 입력 문자열입니다.

​

반환 값

이 함수는 LineString 지오메트리의 ClickHouse 내부 표현을 반환합니다.

​

예시

SELECT readWKBLineString(unhex('010200000004000000000000000000f03f000000000000f03f0000000000000040000000000000004000000000000008400000000000000840000000000000f03f000000000000f03f'));

[(1,1),(2,2),(3,3),(1,1)]

​

readWKBMultiLineString

MultiLineString 지오메트리의 Well-Known Binary(WKB) 표현을 파싱하여 ClickHouse 내부 포맷으로 반환합니다.

​

구문

readWKBMultiLineString(wkb_string)

​

인수

• wkb_string: MultiLineString 지오메트리를 나타내는 입력 WKB 문자열입니다.

​

반환 값

이 함수는 MultiLineString 지오메트리의 ClickHouse 내부 표현을 반환합니다.

​

예시

SELECT readWKBMultiLineString(unhex('010500000002000000010200000003000000000000000000f03f000000000000f03f0000000000000040000000000000004000000000000008400000000000000840010200000003000000000000000000104000000000000010400000000000001440000000000000144000000000000018400000000000001840'));

[[(1,1),(2,2),(3,3)],[(4,4),(5,5),(6,6)]]

​

입력 매개변수

​

반환 값

UInt8, false의 경우 0, true의 경우 1

​

polygonsDistanceSpherical

첫 번째 Polygon에 속한 한 점과 다른 Polygon에 속한 또 다른 한 점 사이의 최소 거리를 계산합니다. 여기서 “구면”이란 좌표를 순수한 이상적 구의 좌표로 해석한다는 의미이며, 이는 실제 지구에는 해당하지 않습니다. 이러한 좌표계를 사용하면 실행 속도는 빨라지지만, 정확도는 떨어집니다.

​

예시

SELECT polygonsDistanceSpherical([[[(0, 0), (0, 0.1), (0.1, 0.1), (0.1, 0)]]], [[[(10., 10.), (10., 40.), (40., 40.), (40., 10.), (10., 10.)]]])

0.24372872211133834

​

입력 매개변수

2개의 Polygon

​

반환 값

Float64

​

polygonsDistanceCartesian

두 Polygon 간의 거리를 계산합니다

​

예시

SELECT polygonsDistanceCartesian([[[(0, 0), (0, 0.1), (0.1, 0.1), (0.1, 0)]]], [[[(10., 10.), (10., 40.), (40., 40.), (40., 10.), (10., 10.)]]])

14.000714267493642

​

입력 매개변수

2개의 Polygon

​

반환 값

Float64

​

polygonsEqualsCartesian

두 Polygon이 동일하면 true를 반환합니다.

​

예시

SELECT polygonsEqualsCartesian([[[(1., 1.), (1., 4.), (4., 4.), (4., 1.)]]], [[[(1., 1.), (1., 4.), (4., 4.), (4., 1.), (1., 1.)]]])

1

​

입력 매개변수

Polygon 2개

​

반환 값

UInt8, false이면 0, true이면 1

​

polygonsSymDifferenceSpherical

두 다각형의 공간상 집합론적 대칭 차집합(XOR)을 계산합니다

​

예시

SELECT wkt(arraySort(polygonsSymDifferenceSpherical([[(50., 50.), (50., -50.), (-50., -50.), (-50., 50.), (50., 50.)], [(10., 10.), (10., 40.), (40., 40.), (40., 10.), (10., 10.)], [(-10., -10.), (-10., -40.), (-40., -40.), (-40., -10.), (-10., -10.)]], [[(-20., -20.), (-20., 20.), (20., 20.), (20., -20.), (-20., -20.)]])));

MULTIPOLYGON(((-20 -10.3067,-10 -10,-10 -20.8791,-20 -20,-20 -10.3067)),((10 20.8791,20 20,20 10.3067,10 10,10 20.8791)),((50 50,50 -50,-50 -50,-50 50,50 50),(20 10.3067,40 10,40 40,10 40,10 20.8791,-20 20,-20 -10.3067,-40 -10,-40 -40,-10 -40,-10 -20.8791,20 -20,20 10.3067)))

​

입력 매개변수

다각형

​

반환 값

MultiPolygon

​

polygonsSymDifferenceCartesian

polygonsSymDifferenceSpherical와 동일하지만, 좌표는 데카르트 좌표계를 사용합니다. 이는 실제 지구 모형에 더 가깝습니다.

​

예시

SELECT wkt(polygonsSymDifferenceCartesian([[[(0, 0), (0, 3), (1, 2.9), (2, 2.6), (2.6, 2), (2.9, 1), (3, 0), (0, 0)]]], [[[(1., 1.), (1., 4.), (4., 4.), (4., 1.), (1., 1.)]]]))

MULTIPOLYGON(((1 2.9,1 1,2.9 1,3 0,0 0,0 3,1 2.9)),((1 2.9,1 4,4 4,4 1,2.9 1,2.6 2,2 2.6,1 2.9)))

​

입력 매개변수

다각형

​

반환 값

MultiPolygon

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polygonsIntersectionSpherical

다각형들의 교집합(AND)을 계산합니다. 좌표는 구면 좌표입니다.

​

예시

SELECT wkt(arrayMap(a -> arrayMap(b -> arrayMap(c -> (round(c.1, 6), round(c.2, 6)), b), a), polygonsIntersectionSpherical([[[(4.3613577, 50.8651821), (4.349556, 50.8535879), (4.3602419, 50.8435626), (4.3830299, 50.8428851), (4.3904543, 50.8564867), (4.3613148, 50.8651279)]]], [[[(4.346693, 50.858306), (4.367945, 50.852455), (4.366227, 50.840809), (4.344961, 50.833264), (4.338074, 50.848677), (4.346693, 50.858306)]]])))

MULTIPOLYGON(((4.3666 50.8434,4.36024 50.8436,4.34956 50.8536,4.35268 50.8567,4.36794 50.8525,4.3666 50.8434)))

​

입력 매개변수

다각형

​

반환 값

MultiPolygon

​

polygonsWithinCartesian

두 번째 다각형이 첫 번째 다각형 안에 포함되면 true를 반환합니다.

​

예시

SELECT polygonsWithinCartesian([[[(2., 2.), (2., 3.), (3., 3.), (3., 2.)]]], [[[(1., 1.), (1., 4.), (4., 4.), (4., 1.), (1., 1.)]]])

1

​

입력 매개변수

2개의 Polygon

​

반환 값

UInt8, false는 0, true는 1

​

polygonsIntersectCartesian

두 Polygon이 서로 겹치거나 경계를 공유하면 true를 반환합니다.

​

예시

SELECT polygonsIntersectCartesian([[[(2., 2.), (2., 3.), (3., 3.), (3., 2.)]]], [[[(1., 1.), (1., 4.), (4., 4.), (4., 1.), (1., 1.)]]])

1

​

입력 매개변수

두 개의 Polygon

​

반환 값

UInt8, false이면 0, true이면 1

​

polygonsIntersectSpherical

두 Polygon이 서로 교차해 공통 영역이나 경계를 가지면 true를 반환합니다. 참고 https://www.boost.org/doc/libs/1_62_0/libs/geometry/doc/html/geometry/reference/algorithms/intersects.html

​

예시

SELECT polygonsIntersectSpherical([[[(4.3613577, 50.8651821), (4.349556, 50.8535879), (4.3602419, 50.8435626), (4.3830299, 50.8428851), (4.3904543, 50.8564867), (4.3613148, 50.8651279)]]], [[[(4.346693, 50.858306), (4.367945, 50.852455), (4.366227, 50.840809), (4.344961, 50.833264), (4.338074, 50.848677), (4.346693, 50.858306)]]]);

1

​

입력 매개변수

두 개의 Polygon

​

반환 값

UInt8, false이면 0, true이면 1

​

polygonConvexHullCartesian

볼록 껍질을 계산합니다. 참고

좌표는 데카르트 좌표계를 사용합니다.

​

예시

SELECT wkt(polygonConvexHullCartesian([[[(0., 0.), (0., 5.), (5., 5.), (5., 0.), (2., 3.)]]]))

POLYGON((0 0,0 5,5 5,5 0,0 0))

​

입력 매개변수

MultiPolygon

​

반환 값

Polygon

​

polygonAreaSpherical

다각형의 표면적을 계산합니다.

​

예시

SELECT round(polygonAreaSpherical([[[(4.346693, 50.858306), (4.367945, 50.852455), (4.366227, 50.840809), (4.344961, 50.833264), (4.338074, 50.848677), (4.346693, 50.858306)]]]), 14)

9.387704e-8

​

입력 매개변수

Polygon

​

반환 값

Float

​

polygonsUnionSpherical

합집합(OR)을 계산합니다.

​

예시

SELECT wkt(polygonsUnionSpherical([[[(4.3613577, 50.8651821), (4.349556, 50.8535879), (4.3602419, 50.8435626), (4.3830299, 50.8428851), (4.3904543, 50.8564867), (4.3613148, 50.8651279)]]], [[[(4.346693, 50.858306), (4.367945, 50.852455), (4.366227, 50.840809), (4.344961, 50.833264), (4.338074, 50.848677), (4.346693, 50.858306)]]]))

MULTIPOLYGON(((4.36661 50.8434,4.36623 50.8408,4.34496 50.8333,4.33807 50.8487,4.34669 50.8583,4.35268 50.8567,4.36136 50.8652,4.36131 50.8651,4.39045 50.8565,4.38303 50.8429,4.36661 50.8434)))

​

입력 매개변수

다각형

​

반환 값

MultiPolygon

​

polygonPerimeterSpherical

다각형의 둘레를 계산합니다.

​

예시

​

짐바브웨를 나타내는 Polygon

다음은 짐바브웨를 나타내는 Polygon입니다:

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​

polygonPerimeterSpherical 함수 사용

SELECT round(polygonPerimeterSpherical([(30.010654, -15.646227), (30.050238, -15.640129), (30.090029, -15.629381), (30.130129, -15.623696), (30.16992, -15.632171), (30.195552, -15.649121), (30.207231, -15.653152), (30.223147, -15.649741), (30.231002, -15.644677), (30.246091, -15.632068), (30.254876, -15.628864), (30.280094, -15.632275), (30.296196, -15.639042), (30.32805, -15.652428), (30.356679, -15.651498), (30.396263, -15.635995), (30.39771, -15.716817), (30.39926, -15.812005), (30.401327, -15.931688), (30.402568, -16.001244), (30.514809, -16.000418), (30.586587, -16.000004), (30.74973, -15.998867), (30.857424, -15.998144), (30.901865, -16.007136), (30.942173, -16.034524), (30.958296, -16.05106), (30.973075, -16.062016), (30.989767, -16.06429), (31.012039, -16.054885), (31.023718, -16.045169), (31.042218, -16.024912), (31.056895, -16.017574), (31.065421, -16.019641), (31.073328, -16.025532), (31.080872, -16.025946), (31.089037, -16.01189), (31.1141, -15.996904), (31.15849, 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(29.648505, -15.666588), (29.672793, -15.663281), (29.73005, -15.644677), (29.773252, -15.638062), (29.814283, -15.619666), (29.837331, -15.614808), (29.881773, -15.618839), (29.967504, -15.641473), (30.010654, -15.646227)]), 6)

0.45539

​

입력 매개변수

​

반환 값

​

polygonsIntersectionCartesian

다각형의 교집합을 계산합니다.

​

예시

SELECT wkt(polygonsIntersectionCartesian([[[(0., 0.), (0., 3.), (1., 2.9), (2., 2.6), (2.6, 2.), (2.9, 1.), (3., 0.), (0., 0.)]]], [[[(1., 1.), (1., 4.), (4., 4.), (4., 1.), (1., 1.)]]]))

MULTIPOLYGON(((1 2.9,2 2.6,2.6 2,2.9 1,1 1,1 2.9)))

​

입력 매개변수

다각형

​

반환 값

MultiPolygon

​

polygonAreaCartesian

다각형의 넓이를 계산합니다

​

예시

SELECT polygonAreaCartesian([[[(0., 0.), (0., 5.), (5., 5.), (5., 0.)]]])

25

​

입력 매개변수

Polygon

​

반환 값

Float64

​

polygonPerimeterCartesian

다각형의 둘레를 계산합니다.

​

예시

SELECT polygonPerimeterCartesian([[[(0., 0.), (0., 5.), (5., 5.), (5., 0.)]]])

15

​

입력 매개변수

Polygon

​

반환 값

Float64

​

polygonsUnionCartesian

다각형들의 합집합을 계산합니다.

​

예시

SELECT wkt(polygonsUnionCartesian([[[(0., 0.), (0., 3.), (1., 2.9), (2., 2.6), (2.6, 2.), (2.9, 1), (3., 0.), (0., 0.)]]], [[[(1., 1.), (1., 4.), (4., 4.), (4., 1.), (1., 1.)]]]))

MULTIPOLYGON(((1 2.9,1 4,4 4,4 1,2.9 1,3 0,0 0,0 3,1 2.9)))

​

입력 매개변수

다각형

​

반환 값

MultiPolygon

기하 시스템에 대한 자세한 내용은 ClickHouse에서 사용하는 Boost 라이브러리를 다룬 이 발표 자료를 참조하십시오.